Clinical

Equine worming protocols: tackling the increasing problem of anthelmintic resistance

The most common equine helminths are the cyathostomins (small redworms, small strongyles) and, historically, Strongylus spp. (large redworms, large strongyles). Other pathogens include the pinworm,...

Imaging modalities for the equine distal limb

There are many computed tomography machines available from companies such as Siemens, Philips and Canon that have been adapted from use in humans for use in horses. These machines tend to be fan beam...

Equine metabolic syndrome: part 1

The relationship between obesity and insulin dysregulation (in which obesity promotes insulin dysregulation), as has been well documented in the human medical context (Wondmkun, 2020). This is less...

Strangles Awareness Week takes the BEST approach to tackling strangles

Since its launch in the UK in 2022, evidence is showing that the most recently developed strangles vaccine is as safe and effective as early trials indicated (Robinson et al, 2020). The vaccine offers...

Colitis in donkeys

The initial presentation of acute colitis or typhlocolitis in the donkey is usually vague. Owners may notice that the donkey's demeanour is less bright than usual, appetite may be reduced or...

Navicular bone oedema and sclerosis: current concepts on best management

In order to understand the concepts surrounding the management of horses with pathology of the navicular bone, veterinarians must first understand the pathology that these radiological abnormalities...

Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis

A number of theories exist underpinning the aetiology of equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis. Mechanical strain on the periodontal ligament may be involved (Staszyk et al, 2008;...

Equine gastric ulcer syndrome in horses and foals

Many studies have reported on the prevalence of squamous and glandular gastric disease in adult horses (van den Boom, 2022). Both disease entities are common, and the prevalence depends on the...

Diagnosis and management of stress fractures and fatigue injuries in horses

Stress fractures can occur in any horse undergoing repetitive exercise, although this type of injury is most commonly diagnosed in young Thoroughbred racehorses. In a study looking at incidence of...

Gastrointestinal disorders in donkeys

Colic in donkeys is frequently diagnosed late due to the lack of recognition of pain in this species (Ashley et al, 2005). Clinical signs of impactions and displacements can be confusing with only...

Anaesthesia for colic surgery in horses

A thorough but time efficient preoperative clinical examination is ideal in all horses presenting for colic; however, this may not always be possible or safe in some horses. It is important to first...