Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) are the two endocrinopathic disorders associated with laminitis (Patterson-Kane et al, 2018)..
Failure to adequately control pain is one of the primary reasons laminitic horses are subject to euthanasia. A recent review by Hopster and Driessen (2021) outlined several options for medical pain...
A total of seven horses met the criteria for inclusion, including two Thoroughbreds, one Arabian X, one Welsh Pony, one Riding Pony, one Standardbred and one Warmblood. There were three geldings and...