The prevalence of equine glandular gastric disease has anecdotally increased over the last 15 years; in clinical and abattoir studies of various horse types worldwide, prevalence is between 47% and...
The horse is a monogastric species, with a small stomach compared to its size. The gastric lining has two different portions: one dorsal, with a stratified squamous epithelium, without any absorptive...
The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron (Figure 1). Each equine kidney contains close to 10 million nephrons, which do not increase in number after birth (Beech et al, 2001). Nephrons can be...
The initial presentation of acute colitis or typhlocolitis in the donkey is usually vague. Owners may notice that the donkey's demeanour is less bright than usual, appetite may be reduced or...
Many studies have reported on the prevalence of squamous and glandular gastric disease in adult horses (van den Boom, 2022). Both disease entities are common, and the prevalence depends on the...
Colic in donkeys is frequently diagnosed late due to the lack of recognition of pain in this species (Ashley et al, 2005). Clinical signs of impactions and displacements can be confusing with only...
Equine gastric ulcer syndrome is a well-known issue across many equestrian disciplines, with particular prevalence in high-level competition such as racing. This supplement provides a holistic...
Although 22% of feral horse populations experience gastric ulcer syndrome (Ward et al, 2015), the incidence is higher in the domesticated population (Table 2). This is primarily as a result of...
Clinical signs in adult horses are typically non-specific and include weight loss, poor performance and mild colic. Dog-sitting, stretching out and becoming cast are indicative of cranial abdominal...
Horses have a greater susceptibility for salmonellosis while undergoing antibiotic treatment. Other risk factors are abdominal surgery, stress (for example as a result of transport or heat),...
Equine gastric ulcers are reported in all ages and breeds of horse. The incidence of equine squamous gastric disease in researched cohorts is reported to be between 11–92% (Murray et al, 1989;...
A total of seven horses met the criteria for inclusion, including two Thoroughbreds, one Arabian X, one Welsh Pony, one Riding Pony, one Standardbred and one Warmblood. There were three geldings and...